加速新陈代谢的10种方法

Slideshow: 10 Ways to Boost Your Metabolism

The Elusive Metabolism Boost
复杂的代谢加速
Boosting the metabolism is the holy grail of weight watchers everywhere, but how fast your body burns calories depends on several factors. Some people inherit a speedy metabolism. Men tend to burn more calories than women, even while resting. And for most people, metabolism slows steadily after age 40. Although you can't control your age, gender, or genetics, there are other ways to get a boost. Read on for 10 ways to rev up.
加速新陈代谢是所有减肥者的关键，但体内能量消耗快慢是取决于多种因素。比如，有人属于遗传性代谢速率快（ps：所谓的那些吃的多还不发胖，基因型，估计瘦素基因表达较高调控机体代谢速度加快）；即使在静止休息状态，男性比女性消耗更多热量。而且对于大多数人来说，过了40岁体内新陈代谢速度开始缓慢下降。虽然你无法控制年龄，性别和基因，可还有其他方法可以加速代谢。接下来介绍10种加速代谢的方法。


Build Muscle
健身
Our bodies constantly burn calories, even when we’re doing nothing. This resting metabolic rate is much higher in people with more muscle. Every pound of muscle uses about 6 calories a day just to sustain itself, while each pound of fat burns only 2 calories daily. That small difference can add up over time. In addition, after a bout of resistance training, muscles are activated all over your body, increasing your average daily metabolic rate.
即使我们不动，机体也一样在消耗能量（基础代谢所需能量）。肌肉越发达的人基础代谢率越高。每磅肌肉差不多每天需要消耗6卡能量来维持，而每磅脂肪每天只消耗2卡路里。这细小的差异随着时间的推移将起巨大作用。另外，一组耐力训练后，全身的肌肉都被激活，同时提高了每日平均代谢率。


Kick Your Workout Up a Notch
加大锻炼强度
Aerobic exercise may not build big muscles, but it can rev up your metabolism in the hours after a workout. The key is to push yourself. High-intensity exercise delivers a bigger, longer increase in resting metabolic rate than low- or moderate workouts. To get the benefits, try a more intense class at the gym or include short bursts of jogging during your regular walk.
有氧运动虽然不能塑造大肌肉群，但能提高运动后几个小时内的代谢速度。关键需要自己的积极参与。相比中低强度运动，高强度运动对静止代谢率的促进作用更强、更持久。为了达到这个目标，你可以参加一些健身房的高强度训练课或在平时走路时加入短时的慢跑。


Drink More Water
多喝水
The body needs water to process calories. If you are even mildly dehydrated, your metabolism may slow down. In one study, adults who drank eight or more glasses of water a day burned more calories than those who drank four. To stay hydrated, drink a glass of water or other unsweetened beverage before every meal and snack. In addition, try munching on fresh fruits and vegetables, which are full of fluid, rather than pretzels or chips.
机体需要水来参与能量代谢。如果你处于轻度脱水状态，新陈代谢的速度也会变慢。曾经有项研究表明，成年人每天喝8杯以上的水能比只喝4杯的人消耗更多热量。每次吃饭或吃零食前喝一杯水或其他无糖饮料能保持机体水分充足。此外，要多吃新鲜富含水分的水果蔬菜而不是椒盐脆饼或薯条。


Have Your Drinks on the Rocks
饮料加冰
Ice-cold beverages prompt the body to burn more calories during digestion. Research suggests five or six glasses of water on the rocks can use up an extra 10 calories a day. That might not sound like much, but it adds up to a pound of weight loss per year -- without dieting. You can get the same benefit by drinking iced tea or coffee, as long as you forego the cream and sugar.
冰冻饮料可促使机体在消化过程消耗更多热量。研究建议每天喝5到6杯冰水能额外消耗10卡热量。听起来好像很少，但是如果坚持一年相当于减掉1磅的体重，而且不用节食。喝不加奶油和糖的冰茶和冰咖啡也可以达到同样目的。

Eat More Often
多餐制
Eating more really can help you lose weight -- eating more often, that is. When you eat large meals with many hours in between, you train your metabolism to slow down. Having a small meal or snack every 3 to 4 hours keeps your metabolism cranking, so you burn more calories over the course of a day. Several studies have also shown that people who snack regularly eat less at meal time.
怎么多吃还能减肥，当然不是，而是少食多餐。你若间隔数小时吃一顿大餐，这样就会使你的代谢速度减慢。如果每隔3到4个小时进食少量饭或小吃能保持代谢高速运转，因此在一天中能消耗更多的热量。许多研究也表明定时摄入小吃等食物能减少在正餐的食物摄入。


Spice Up Your Meals
吃点辣味食物
Spicy foods contain chemical compounds that kick the metabolism into high gear. Eating a tablespoon of chopped red or green chili pepper can temporarily boost your metabolic rate by 23 percent. Some studies suggest the effect only lasts about half an hour, but if you eat spicy foods often, the benefits may add up. For a quick boost, spice up pasta dishes, chili, and stews with red-pepper flakes.
辣味食物含有一些化合物能促使机体代谢高速运转。如一大汤勺的剁椒能暂时地提高代谢率23%。虽然一些研究表明这种效果只能持续半小时，但你经常吃辣味食物，就能产生叠加效应。因此为了快递提高代谢速率，可在食物中加入一些辣椒或是炖菜时加点红辣椒末。


Eat More Protein
多吃蛋白质
The body burns up to twice as many calories digesting protein as it uses for fat or carbohydrates. Although you want to eat a balanced diet, replacing some carbs with lean, protein-rich foods can jump-start the metabolism at mealtime. Healthy sources of protein include lean beef and pork, fish, white meat chicken, tofu, nuts, beans, eggs, and low-fat dairy products.
机体在消化蛋白质时需要消耗2倍于消化脂肪和碳水化合物所需要的能量。（这个过程属于食物热效应，又称食物特殊动力作用，只消耗能量不产能的过程）虽说你希望平衡膳食，但在就餐时可以用瘦肉，富含蛋白的食物替代部分碳水化合物来迅速提高能量消耗。健康的蛋白来源有瘦猪牛肉，鱼类，白肉类（鸡，鸭等），豆腐，坚果，大豆，鸡蛋和低脂乳制品。

Drink Black Coffee
喝黑咖啡
If you’re a coffee drinker, you probably enjoy the increased energy and concentration that follows your morning ritual. Well, some of these benefits are linked to a short-term increase in your metabolic rate. In one study, the caffeine in two cups of coffee prompted a 145-pound woman to burn 50 extra calories over the next four hours. Just be sure to drink it black. If you add cream, sugar, or flavored syrups, you’ll take in far more calories than you burn.
如果你喜欢喝咖啡，那在你早上例行一杯后可能会享受能量的增加以及精神更加集中。其中部分得益于短时间增加你的新陈代谢率。一项研究表明，2杯咖啡所含的咖啡因能促使接下来4个小时中145磅重妇女消耗50卡额外热量。一定要是纯的黑咖啡，不要加奶油，糖或风味糖浆，否则比起消耗的能量你会摄入更多的热量。


Drink Green Tea
绿茶
Drinking green tea or oolong tea offers the combined benefits of caffeine and catechins, substances shown to rev up the metabolism for a couple hours. Research suggests drinking two to four cups of either tea may push the body to burn an extra 50 calories each day. That adds up to 5 pounds of weight loss in a year.
喝绿茶和乌龙茶能提供咖啡因和儿茶素联合的功效，这类物质可以提高机体代谢维持几个小时。研究建议每天喝2到4杯的绿茶或乌龙茶能促使机体消耗50卡额外热量。如果坚持一年那将是减去5磅的体重啊。


Avoid Crash Diets
避免快速节食减肥
Crash diets -- those involving eating fewer than 1,000 calories a day -- are disastrous for anyone hoping to quicken their metabolism. Although these diets may help you drop pounds (at the expense of good nutrition), a high percentage of the loss comes from muscle. The lower your muscle mass, the slower your metabolism. The final result is a body that burns far fewer calories (and gains weight faster) than the one you had before the diet.
快速节食减肥是指每天摄入小于1000卡能量。这对任何想加快代谢的人来说是不可取的。虽然这样的饮食可以帮助你减去体重（同时以营养不良为代价），但是这样减下来的体重大部分是来自于肌肉比例的下降。肌肉比例越小，代谢速度就越慢。最终的结果是与节食前相比机体燃烧更少的热量（而且体重会迅速增加）。

Best Bets
最佳选择
The impact of different foods and drinks on the metabolism is small compared to what you need for sustained weight loss. Your best bet for creating a mean calorie-burning machine is to build muscle and stay active. The more you move during the day, the more calories you burn. And remember: working out in the morning has the benefit of revving up your metabolism for hours.
你想通过不同的食物或饮料对代谢的作用来持续减肥，效果是不明显的。最好的选择是通过健身以及保持运动活力把自己变成消耗能量的机器。你运动的越多，能量消耗就越多。同时记住一点：早晨运动能促进机体代谢增加维持几个小时。